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                Special Issues
                
                Cardiology and Vascular Diseases
                
                Handling editor
                Ying-Fu Chen, MD, PhD
                  Professor of Surgery and Graduate Institute of
                  Medicine
                  Kaohsiung Medical University
                  Kaohsiung, Taiwan
                Description/Purpose of the special issue and the current
                  relevance
                Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a group of disorders of the heart and blood
                  vessels, include ischemic heart disease, hypertension, heart failure,
                  arrhythmia, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease,
                  rheumatic heart disease, and so on. According to World Health Organization (WHO)
                  data, it is important to reduce cardiovascular risk by identifying behavioural
                  risk factor such as high cholesterol diets,
                  tobacco use, the consumption of alcohol, unhealthy diet, obesity and lack
                  physical activity. Furthermore, it is also necessary to receive appropriate
                  management of diabetes, hypertension and high blood lipids.
                In 2017, ACC/AHA high blood pressure guidelines defined new criteria of
                  hypertension. The crude prevalence of hypertension among US adults was increased
                  from 31.9% to 45.6%. High blood pressure should be treated
                  earlier with lifestyle modifications and in some patients with medication
                  – at 130/80 mm Hg rather than 140/90 mm Hg. The lower definition of
                  hypertension reminds us to pay more attention to the potential
                  cardiovascular complications due to hypertension.
                With advances in medical technology, the life expectancy increases, and the
                  impact of aging population cannot be ignored. Global aging affects individual
                  health, family structures, economic growth and conditionality
                  of national policy. Heart failure is common in adults, especially in the
                  elderly. As we know, aging contributes to deterioration of cardioprotective
                  systems and acceleration of disease processes that is
                  fertile ground for the development of heart failure. A large proportion of the
                  elder people with heart failure are undertreated with evidence-based therapy,
                  accounting for substantial morbidity, hospitalization,
                  and mortality worldwide nowadays. On the population over age 70, approximately
                  50% of all heart failure diagnoses and 90% of all heart failure deaths happen.
                  Therefore, heart failure causes a substantial
                  economic burden on national healthcare systems. Accordingly, it needs more
                  research in deep to decline the risk of age-associated CVDs.
                The Cardiology and Vascular Diseases is a special issue
                  and focused on basic science and clinical medicine of cardiovascular system. We
                  are interested in pathophysiology of cardiology,
                  diagnostic consideration, trend in medicine, novel approach of surgical
                  interventions and non-surgical therapeutic strategies, conditionality of policy,
                  and other related topics. Our mission is to deliver
                  high-quality case reports, case series, expert commentary, original research and
                  reviews with contributions from leading world experts.
                Suggested topics includes as follows, but not limited to:
                
                
                  - Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
 
                  - Atrial Fibrillation
 
                  - Heart Failure
 
                  - Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs)
 
                  - Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)
 
                  - Acute Aortic Syndrome (AAS)
 
                  - Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms/Dissections
 
                  - Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR)
 
                  - Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA)
 
                  - Hypertension
 
                  - Atherosclerosis
 
                  - Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
 
                  - Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
 
                  - Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
 
                  - Mitral Valve Repair
 
                  - Robotic Cardiac Surgery
 
                  - Congenital Coronary Anomalies
 
                  - Cardiomyopathy
 
                  - Pulmonary Hypertension
 
                  - Cardiac Regeneration