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A new therapeutic regimen on prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infant

Hsin-Chun Huang

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan

I-Lun Chen

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan

Tsu F. Yeh

Maternal Child Health Research Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

DOI: 10.15761/PD.1000196

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Although the advance of prematurity care and gentle ventilation have significantly improved the survival rate of very low birth weight infants, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continuously to be the most common chronic lung disease [1,2] in infancy. Several antenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors may contribute to the development of BPD [3,4]. It is postulated that early lung injury, inflammation, immaturity and arrestment of lung development play an important role in the pathogenesis of BPD [5,6]. Various strategies, including vitamin A and caffeine has been shown beneficial for prevention or treatment for BPD [7,8]. However, none of these therapies can eliminate this complication. Postnatal corticosteroids therapies, in particular, dexamethasone has been used in infant with evolving BPD and in infant with difficult extubation. However, systemic dexamethasone therapy in premature infants is not generally recommended because of the long-term adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes [9,10]. Inhaled steroids refer to less complication than systemic steroids, but technically difficult and the effects are limited [11]. Our research showed that, by using surfactant as vehicle, intratracheal administration of surfactant/budesonide compared with surfactant alone significantly decreased the incidence of BPD or death without apparent immediate and long-term side effect [12]. This new therapeutic regimen is based on a physical phenomenon “Marangoni effect”’ that surfactant can be used as an effective vehicle to facilitate the delivery of a topical steroid, budesonide, to the lung periphery. Budesonide will remain in the lung [13] for some time and inhibit the lung inflammation. Pharmacokinetic study showed that more than 80% of budesonide remained in the lungs for up to 8 hours after intra-tracheal instillation of surfactant/budesonide [13]. With a proper concentration ratio between budesonide and surfactant (survanta/budesonide ≥50, or curosurf/budesonide ≥160), addition of budesonide to surfactant would not affect the biophysical and chemical stability of surfactant. Preliminary follow up study showed insignificant side effect.

Curosurf has a higher concentration of natural surfactants than that of Survanta, which exhibited a significantly higher Marangoni effect resulting in faster migration speed to the lung periphery [14]. Thus, based on this in vitro study [14], Curosurf is probably a better choice than other surfactants as a vehicle. A multicenter double-blind study is now ongoing. The preliminary result showed a decrease in incidence of BPD or BPD or death. However, we do not recommend routine therapy at the present until a long- term follow up study is complete and assure the safety of this new therapeutic regimen.

Financial support

This study is supported in part from Chiesi Farmarceutici S.p.A. Via Palermo 26/A 43122, Parma, Italy (VAT IT01513360345)”

References

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  14. Chen CM, Chang CH, Chao CH, Wang MH, Yeh TF (2019) Biophysical and chemical stability of surfactant/budesonide and the pulmonary distribution following intra-tracheal administration. Drug Deliv 26: 604-11. [Crossref]

Editorial Information

Editor-in-Chief

Michael A. Portman
University of Washington, USA

Article Type

Short Communication

Publication history

Received date: September 09, 2019
Accepted date: September 26, 2019
Published date: September 30, 2019

Copyright

©2019 Huang HC. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation

Huang HC, Chen IL, Yeh TF (2019) A new therapeutic regimen on prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infant. Pediatr Dimensions 4: DOI: 10.15761/PD.1000196

Corresponding author

Tsu F. Yeh

Maternal Child Health Research Institute, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Shin St. Taipei Taiwan

E-mail : bhuvaneswari.bibleraaj@uhsm.nhs.uk

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